Do the Covid-19 vaccines affect the reproductive parameters of men?-A Northern Saudi experience.

Background: The COVID-19 vaccine acceptance is a psychological behavior influenced by many factors, including fear of an adverse effect on the reproductive system. Aims: The aim of this study is to assess the COVID-19 vaccines effect on reproductive parameters among the male population of northern Saudi Arabia. Patients and Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study among 100 volunteers who received two doses of COVID-19 vaccines. A pre- and post-vaccination blood sample was collected and analyzed for testosterone, prolactin, and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Semen samples were also collected and analyzed. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the values between pre- and post-vaccination. Results: Of the 100 samples analyzed, there was a significant increase in progressive sperm motility after the second dose of vaccination, but the increase was within the physiological limits (pre-55.03 [42.00-61.75] vs. post-57.50 [42.25-63.00], P = 0.008). Similarly, a significant increase in serum testosterone level after the second vaccination dose was observed (pre-380.65 [301.60-485.73] vs. post-410 [318.18-505.35], P = 0.016). Conclusion: These preliminary results show that the COVID-19 vaccines do not have any adverse effect on the reproductive parameters of men. A prospective long-term follow-up study will be necessary on all WHO -approved COVID vaccines to determine their long-term effect on men's reproductive health. The future follow-up study could strengthen our findings and encourage the men who have vaccine hesitancy to take due to fear of its effect on reproductive parameters.

Perception of medical students regarding e-learning during covid 19 pandemic

Aim: This study aims at measuring medical students' satisfaction with e-learning during COVID 19 pandemic at College of Medicine Jouf University (COM JU) and identify gender differences. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at (COM-JU) during academic year 2019-2020, students from 1st-5th year participated in the study. Sample size calculated as 200 students. Valid and reliable questionnaire was developed and sent electronically. Piloting of the questionnaire to 20 participants. Frequency and percentage of satisfied and dissatisfied students were calculated. We used the chi-square test to determine the association of variables based on gender groups. Results: Total 139 responses were received 92 males and 47 females participated in the study. 0.82 was calculated as Cronbach's alpha of the questionnaire. Most of the students 102 (73.38%) used mobile for e leaning. Students were satisfied with course overview and support 69.21% males and 56.71% females, content and instructional methods 72.63% male and 64.18% females, assessment 75.45% male sand 52.98% females, virtual learning environment 69.02% of males and 56.47% of female students were dissatisfied with it. Conclusion: Study concludes that Students were satisfied with online courses during the lock down situation. The tool is valid and reliable too to measure student's perception of e learning courses.

Assessment of knowledge, attitudes and compliance with covid-19 precautionary measures among urology patients in al-jouf region, Saudi Arabia

Current study aims to investigate the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices to COVID-19 precautionary measures among urology patients attending outpatient clinics in the public hospitals at Al-Jouf region, Northern of Saudi Arabia. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in Al-Jouf region, Northern of Saudi Ara-bia. The study sample was recruited conveniently. The sample size was 274 urology patients who attended three public hospitals in Al-Jouf region;they are Prince Muteab bin Abdulaziz public hospital, Al-Qurayyat General hospital and Tabarjal public hospital. A self-filled questionnaire consisting of four parts was distributed over the study participants. The questionnaire will consist of 32 items measuring the knowledge, attitudes, and practice of COVID-19 precautionary mea-sures. A three-point Likert scale will be used to scale each item (Agree, neutral, and disagree). The study findings revealed that Saudi urology patients in Al-Jouf region had a level of knowledge about COVID-19 precautionary measures (2.15±0.74). In addition, the results showed that the participants had positive attitudes towards COVID-19 precautionary measures (2.47±0.68). Finally, the study results indicated that there was a high degree of compliance to the safety practices of COVID-19 pandemic (2.32±0.63). The study concluded that the urology patients attending the outpatient clinics in Al-Jouf region had a high level of knowledge, positive attitudes and high compliance to the COVID-19 precautionary measures. The study recommended performing more extensive educational programs and awareness campaigns to increase patients’ knowledge, awareness and compliance to the precautionary measures of COVID-19 outbreak.

Does the covid-19 effect on kidney functions? Question need an answers, observational study, Aljouf region, Saudi Arabia

Background: Many of the published studies on COVID-19 have highlighted lungs as the main organ affected in this disease. Some studies suggest that it can leads to Acute Kidney Injury . Our goal in this study to evaluate the effect of covid-19 on kidney function. A frequent monitoring of kidney functions in patients with COVID-19 can lead to early diagnosis of kidney disorders, and help in achieving the optimal therapeutic concentrations of drugs and reducing the risk of drug reactions. Methods: the study was carried among the consecutive 82 COVID-19 patients. These patients were symptomatic and diagnosed to be positive for corona virus. The data was extracted from the patient medical record files. Those patients were followed after discharge from hospital to repeat their investigations after three weeks Results: Of the 82 patients, 68 patients (82.9%) had high leukocytes, 18 (21.9%) patients had hematuria, 34 (41.4%) had proteinuria and 10 patients (12.1%) had serum creatinine levels of more than 1.3 mg/dl. The follow-up three weeks after discharged Investigations revealed that 12 (14.6%) patients had moderately high leukocytosis, 6 (7.3%) patients with hematuria and 8 (9.1%) patients with proteinuria and one patient with high creatinine (2.4%). Conclusion: The Corona virus is affect mainly the respiratory system but can affect other system related to it too. It has a little effect directly on kidney either because there is no real effect on it or the immunity of patients prevent effectiveness of virus.